Psyc 410 essays Essays - American Psychological Association

Psyc 410 articles Essays - American Psychological Association You may compose a 1,000-2,000 word book audit on one of the books recorded above (model: PsycCRITIQUES [see psychINFO]); models, a manual for composing book surveys, and two brief great composing guides are accessible at the Bb site. It will be worth 30 focuses (1 Test). On the off chance that you compose a book audit AND step through each of the 5 exams, I will toss out the most reduced of the 6 scores. Walk Recognize uplifting feedback, negative fortification, and discipline. Recognize the 3 types of behaviorism. Phiscyoligiacal - latch The reason for existing is to clarify human Response , learning history, and fortifications Methodlogical- It is something that scienece can not consider and different people groups minds are private so you cannot contemplate their considerations Radical conduct skinner To reject consiouness from brain research is an error that it ought to be incorporated not exactly what you see Subjective versus non-subjective hypothesis Similitude and contiguity as laws of affiliation Continuously programmed once they are related The Blank Slate Not having any pre uncover behaior Uncover by herbet spencer he made this Which implies advancement, where people have the most elevated development. The greater the mind the more the thoughts The different examples of fleeting connection among CS and US In the event that the condition boost is available from us upgrade it can, at that point work the best Time can go about as a condition boost also Speculation and separation That the pooch despite everything answer to a sort of tone as long as it is comparative separation when its totally unique, if present an alternate upgrade they would introduce various shapes elipse and pooch would figure out how to discrimante against if not gave an honor (reinformecment) Molding of excitation and hindrance Hindrance - goes to termination when they thought the conduct was un learned by really the canine di Molded enthusiastic response Boisterous clamor is related with dread, child and rodent see speculation, saw rabit frightened as well Law of Effect In the event that you get a postive reaction they are more likey to do it once more Pg 75 Self-sufficient man as assaulted by Skinner sperates man from creature, with emtion, ideas and judements. He agrued against the hypothesis. Forming The graduall renforicemtn of an uncondition turing into condition Segregated operant Pg 119 Incomplete fortification impact Pg 122 creatures take more time to learn Class, including self-propriety and private politeness Skinner idea Made up word he use for idea or thought for in the event that you come in contact You absube what someone is doing with their enviorment Self-we ask our self what we are doing, a great many people didn't care for this idea Offbeat conduct Examination done Pg 77 Hearst Skinner study it, however h. said Pigeon in a chamber-related with remuneration Readiness Malignant growth persistent At the point when they saw the attendant and specialist or the medicine they got queasy Creatures don't relate sounds, its more taste Learned vulnerability Pg 85 Scrutinize the conventional differentiation of the 2 kinds of molding. Operant - skinner and thorndike 4.What did Thorndike mean when he said that reward stamps in a S-R association? pg104 part of law and impact without remuneration there is no 5.Be ready to portray each major social scholar's perspectives on every one of the fundamental issues about the nature and reason for learning. 6.Why did Skinner view ideas, for example, superego or propensity quality pointless in science? Since he is a behaviorist He accepts that you cannot demonstrate it Pg 126 Propensity quality to what extent the reaction has been scholarly 7.What were Skinner's reactions of existing strategies in considering learning? Pg 124-125 8.How did Kohler and Voeks scrutinize claims that learning was a steady procedure? Pg 78 He has worked with chimps and discovered issue. Put a crate in the room a primates would ascend and get banana and did this by understanding 9.Distinguish uplifting feedback, negative fortification, and discipline. 10.Contrast the boost replacement and subjective hypotheses of Pavlovian molding. Pooches would at present come if not meat just by ring of the ringer 11.How does Siegel clarify chronic drug use as a type of Pavlovian molding? Pg 91 12.What was the political intrigue of the Blank Slate idea?Why are fears of discrediting the Blank Slate thought lost? The video on sylabus-hypothesis said that it bolsters that you can make a decent Bid it on the grounds that There would be no idenetiy and you cannot change 13.How does Pinker connection decrease in tip top craftsmanship to the ascent of confidence in the Blank Slate thought? Pg 78 14. Characterize and give instances of the coherence and irregularity perspectives on learning. 15.Describe E.R. Guthrie's situation on learning and how he accepted errands were found out, utilizing a model. 16. Portray the two hypotheses used to clarify halfway fortification and name

LSD :: essays research papers

 â â â â The book I picked is titled, â€Å"The LSD Controversy.† The writer is Maurice S. Wastes, Ph.D. The call number is 615.78 and I read pages 1-50.      The first area of the book I read about arrangements with wording. The other segment I read about includes the general substance qualities of LSD. LSD’s complete name is D-lysergic corrosive diethylamide tartrate. Its shortening originates from the German Lyserg Sã ¤ure Diethylamid. The creator proceeds to characterize various terms for LSD, for example, psychedelic drug, illusinogen, and fantastica. He at that point endeavors to locate the correct term for it. He accepts that the term stimulant is wrong since genuine visualizations are uncommon. In spite of the fact that it is broadly utilized, he lean towards illusinogen on the grounds that as per S. Cohen, â€Å"hallucinations† are really figment.      As for the general attributes of LSD, the creator poses the inquiry, â€Å"What is LSD?† From a compound outlook, LSD is a semisynthetic diethylamide that is set up from lysergic corrosive. This is a normally happening substance of the parasitic organism called ergot. This develops in the seeds of rye and different grasses. Stoll and Hoffman were the first to orchestrate it in 1938. Hoffman found its belongings in 1943 when he inadvertently sniffed a couple of micrograms; he thought he was going crazy.      LSD in an unadulterated structure is a scentless, boring, and bland powder that is solvent in water and liquor. In spite of the fact that it might be difficult to identify, it is known as one of the most powerful hallucinogenic medications in presence. Approximately two pounds of the medication in powder structure can flexibly ten million portions of 100 micrograms every which is adequate for pretty much anybody. 100 micrograms is scarcely even obvious!      Once it is has been taken by an individual, it is ingested quickly and dispersed all through the body. It has no issue going through the blood-mind boundary and is totally utilized by the body. It is discharged by the liver as 2-oxy-LSD.      The instance of whether LSD is addictive is contended in the book straightaway. The explanation it is so difficult to decide whether LSD is addictive or not is on the grounds that there is no settled meaning of habit. Analysts discuss mystic or enthusiastic reliance while specialists talk about physical reliance. At that point there’s a qualification to be made on whether it’s the medication or the individual that is addictive or dependent. To make it simpler, the World Health Organization has perceived the uncertainty of the word â€Å"addiction† and thought of the term â€Å"drug reliance in 1965.

Machine Shops, Part 2

Machine Shops, Part 2 Machine Shops, Part 2 In case you havent read it: Machine Shops, Part 1 There are a lot of machine shops on campus, so in my massive efforts to document all of them, I split the entry into 2 parts. Unfortunately, I still dont have all of the photos I would like, but honestly, if youve seen one milling machine youve seen them all, so I trust that you can use your imagination, and Ill just describe some of the other shops I havent shown you photos of. Up first: the Lab for Manufacturing and Productivity (LMP). This is another lab run by Course 2 (the mechanical engineering deparment). Course 2 students see a lot of this place during the IAP of their sophomore year, when they take 2.670 (hey, funny story about 2.670- I took it a year ago, took a million pictures, then never blogged about it. If none of the other bloggers is taking it this IAP, maybe Ill finally do that) and whenever they take 2.008. 2.670 is a class for learning all about drafting and machine tools, and 2.008 is a manufacturing class where youre required to make a large batch of yo-yos using cool processes like injection molding. LMP is a lot like Papallardo, with its long rows of lathes and milling machines and other useful machinery: but it also has some other cool stuff, like a waterjet: and an injection molding machine: and some super heavy duty CNC machines: plus a computer lab with solid modeling and CAM programs to write the code for the CNC machines: For those of you not familiar with these terms, CNC stands for Computer Numeric Control, and it was basically the precursor to modern robotics. CNC mills or lathes are machines which are set up to allow a computer program to operate it. CAM stands for Computer Aided Manufacturing. The way the whole process works is to design a part on a solid modeling program, import that file to a CAM program which will write the CNC code for you, upload that code to a CNC machine, then sit back and watch as your part is made for you without any human intervention. Its pretty awesome stuff. On to the last set of photos that I have: the Course 16 (Aeronautics and Astronautics) lab space. I have to warn you, what you are about to see is some of the coolest stuff ever. Seriously, Course 16 has the most awesome lab/lounge space Ive ever seen. Everytime I walk by Im wonder why I choose Course 2. The entrance is appropriately decorated, and the areo/astro library is located right next to the lounge and lab. Yes, thats a hammock in the background. Plus, theres some open lab space and a shop: Then theres the Edgerton Center shop. Unfortunately I dont have any photos of it, but its pretty standard- some CNC mills and lathes, bandsaws, jigsaws, and some hand tools. (By the way, most CNC machines, except for the super heavy duty ones I showed above at LMP, are able to be operated manually.) The cool thing about the Edgerton Center is that while Papallardo and LMP are run by Mechanical Engineering and only open to students in that major (likewise with the Course 16 space), the Edgerton Center is open to all MIT students, provided that they complete a machine tools and safety course given by the Edgerton Center staff. If you want to use the Edgerton Center, you can sign up for the class- but do it early, because theres a pretty long wait. It took me almost a full semester to get into the class, which is offered every 2 weeks. The class is actually pretty cool- you learn how to use the lathes and milling machines, and even make a cool little flashlight in the process. Once youv e completed the course, youre free to use the shop whenever you want, whether its for a class project, a student group youre working with, or your own fun idea. And thats not even the end of it- there are even more shop spaces around campus which are for more private use. Several dorms have their own shops- East Campus and Random Hall, for example. My dorm, Burton Conner, is currently expanding on a modest tool collection and working on getting a space to put an actual shop as well. Lots of student groups also have their own shop spaces- theater groups have access to woodworking tools for the purpose of building sets, and there are lots of engineering-based student groups that also have their own shops. For example, FSAE (Formula Society of Automotive Engineers- they design and build a racecar for competition every year) and the Solar Electric Vehicle Team share a machine shop a few blocks north of main campus. The FIRST Robotics team also has their own shop which they share with a few other engineering-related student groups (I cant remember which at the moment). These shops are located in MIT building and owned by MIT, but the students are in charge- they literally have the keys to the rooms, so this creates a pretty different atmosphere. Those shops tend to be a bit messier than the academic shops, for example. These groups also typically allow their members to use the space for personal use at their own discretion- meaning I doubt you could just pretend to be a member to use the space, theyd probably expect you to show up to meetings and stuff. =) But during the crunch time for 2.007 last year, Adelaide 09 and I certainly dragged all of our robot parts all the way over to the FIRST shop (the easternmost building on all of campus, and a huge pain to get to) to slave away on our projects for an entire Saturday. So, theres an overview of machine shops on campus- theyre run by academic departments, administrative departments, student groups, and even dorms. Obviously my entry is a bit biased- since Im Course 2 I have the most photos of Course 2 lab space. But no matter what it is you want to do, I guarantee you can find access to some awesome power tools to get it done. =) Responses to questions: Kelsey K asked: But, are there welding facilities available to students? Im one of those girls that likes to weld, and it would be amazing to know if there was somewhere I could Arc weld every now and then! Hmm, Im not entirely sure about that. I know there are welding facilities in Papallardo, but usually if you want something welded, the machine shop guys will do it for you. If you convince them that you know what youre doing, maybe youd be able to, but Im not positive if theyd let students do it themselves. EA applicant asked: IT IS SOOO CLEAN!!!! How do you keep it like that?? It is true that you can keep a mini mill in your dorm at MIT? And do you get time to work on your own projects? The shops Ive shown you pictures of are used for academic purposes. Its expected that students clean up after themselves, or face the wrath of the shop guys, or a drop in their grades. I can guarantee that some of the other shops Ive mentioned but dont have pictures of (like the shops used by different engineering clubs) are much messier than that. =) But keep a mini mill in your dorm? Like in your room? I dont know about that, but as I mentioned there are several dorms that have their own shops in a common area. Not sure if any of them have mills or lathes though. And the time to work on your own projects is whatever time youre not doing your real psets. Sh1fty asked: can people who are not course 2 use those machines or at least get someone to make what they need? Rachel asked: Woahh! Do you get access if youre not a course 2 major? Are there lots of CNCs? Is it okay to use the shop in the wee hours of the morning? Generally the shops that are run by academic departments are strictly for the use of those students- but the Edgerton Center is open for all students to use. And yes, there are plenty of CNCs. Most of the mills and lathes have CNC capabilities. The shops Ive shown you are only open when theres someone there to staff them- but rest assured that engineering-centered student groups that have their own shops (FSAE, FIRST, Solar Car), are working all hours of the day and night. Noelle and Haris asked: Is it free? With the exception of the Hobby Shop (which charges members a fee each semester- of about $50, if memory serves), all of the shops are free for the students who are allowed to use them (Course 2 students in Papallardo, for example). Generally you have to pay for your own materials, unless you can convince someone to give you scraps. You can also keep an eye on reuse, a mailing list where people post about stuff they dont want anymore that you can go get for free. Sam 2 asked: Which Courses allow room for the most electives, and which ones require more courses within the major? Harrison replied: In response to Sam 2s first/less serious question, from what Ive seen Course 6 people (especially 6-3) on the old curriculum are consistently hosed but somehow always find time to complain about it/play Starcraft. 6 used to be an incredibly tough major until they messed with the curriculum. Also from what I hear Course 10 is also incredibly difficult but really awesome if youre into ChemE. Oh Harrison, who says they messed up the cirriculum? I happen to much prefer the new Course 6 cirriculum. Anyway, Harrison is actually mostly right- Courses 2 (Mechanical Engineering), 6 (Electrical Engineering and Computer Science), 10 (Chemical Engineering), and 16 (Aeronautics and Astronautics) are among the most strict in the sense that you get very few electives. Most Course 2 students actually only get 2 electives within the department. (Thats why 2A is much cooler. *grin*) Course 9 (Brain and Cognitive Sciences) is easily the most flexible, as those students get a wide selection of electives within their major. I cant think of any other notably flexible major off of my head, except for maybe 8B (flexible physics). Each major is different, so there are definitely more that lie on the flexible end of the spectrum, but I dont want to incorrectly label any of them and have lots of people yelling at me that I claimed that their major was easier than it actually is or something. =) Anonymous asked: What if are u are really honest about ur self..and it comes out in the app and in the recs and interviewbut still the admissions people decide that you are just not good enough!!! Wouldnt selling yourself by writing what they might want to hearwhich u might be able to pull off have a better chance give u a better chance of getting in??? Of course not- thats no way to lead your life. If you lie your way into MIT (which I dont think you could even accomplish, these guys in admissions have read lots of applications and know BS when they see it), what are you going to do when you get here? Chances are youll be miserable, because you tried to convince MIT that youd be perfect for it when you really werent. Plus, youd never know if you were actually good enough, because you didnt even give yourself a chance. But logic aside, the choice is ultimately yours. If youd like to lie on your application and pretend to be something youre not just to impress some people youve never met so you can go to some school that may not even be right for you, no one can stop you. But I can tell you thats no way to lead a happy, healthy, and successful life. an 8th grader, Trenten16 asked: I am an prospectent 16er and I want to know your Course 6 and Course 2 classes. Heres my advice to you, and I really mean this in the most honest, sincere way possible. Im not trying to be rude or snarky (for once): Focus on passing the 8th grade. Im completely serious. You will have plenty of time to worry about college 2 and a half years from now, and theres no need to start getting into the details of college classes now, when youre still not even in high school yet. Just do the best you can in your classes, and follow your passions, and get back to us in 2 or 3 years with your questions. Anonymous said (in response to my complains about not being able to remember a formula for my 2.005 exam): the formula that you refer to was actually on the 2.005 aid sheet.. as it was on the 3rd test.. hmm. tanmay said: Well, I remember that Cp-Cv=R. So IF the log of the pressures is related to the ideal gas constant, then its also related to the specific heat at constant volume. Am I right??? I refer both of you to the following: phreaker said: Tanmay, discussing formulas AFTER the test with someone who forgot them is a good way to get beaten up :p Ahem. Thank you. Anonymous said: I thought MIT students excelled in the area of test taking. You imply that theyre just ordinary people who were either lucky enough to get in. Oh wait to which phreaker replied: Everyone is ordinary once you look at them long enough. And ill bet most ppl, including MIT students have trouble with tests, especially when competing with all the other good test takers ;) Man, phreaker, youre on a roll. Do you want my job? Seriously though, the only claim anyone ever really made about MIT students is that theyre smart people. But were still people. Were not perfect or superhuman, and we dont like people thinking that were perfect or superhuman. It makes Christmas break really annoying, for one thing. (To quote numerous relatives: So you get good grades, right?) Im sorry you were under the impression that were all super geniuses who never find exams difficult. I assure you that is not the case.

Machine Shops, Part 2

Machine Shops, Part 2 Machine Shops, Part 2 In case you havent read it: Machine Shops, Part 1 There are a lot of machine shops on campus, so in my massive efforts to document all of them, I split the entry into 2 parts. Unfortunately, I still dont have all of the photos I would like, but honestly, if youve seen one milling machine youve seen them all, so I trust that you can use your imagination, and Ill just describe some of the other shops I havent shown you photos of. Up first: the Lab for Manufacturing and Productivity (LMP). This is another lab run by Course 2 (the mechanical engineering deparment). Course 2 students see a lot of this place during the IAP of their sophomore year, when they take 2.670 (hey, funny story about 2.670- I took it a year ago, took a million pictures, then never blogged about it. If none of the other bloggers is taking it this IAP, maybe Ill finally do that) and whenever they take 2.008. 2.670 is a class for learning all about drafting and machine tools, and 2.008 is a manufacturing class where youre required to make a large batch of yo-yos using cool processes like injection molding. LMP is a lot like Papallardo, with its long rows of lathes and milling machines and other useful machinery: but it also has some other cool stuff, like a waterjet: and an injection molding machine: and some super heavy duty CNC machines: plus a computer lab with solid modeling and CAM programs to write the code for the CNC machines: For those of you not familiar with these terms, CNC stands for Computer Numeric Control, and it was basically the precursor to modern robotics. CNC mills or lathes are machines which are set up to allow a computer program to operate it. CAM stands for Computer Aided Manufacturing. The way the whole process works is to design a part on a solid modeling program, import that file to a CAM program which will write the CNC code for you, upload that code to a CNC machine, then sit back and watch as your part is made for you without any human intervention. Its pretty awesome stuff. On to the last set of photos that I have: the Course 16 (Aeronautics and Astronautics) lab space. I have to warn you, what you are about to see is some of the coolest stuff ever. Seriously, Course 16 has the most awesome lab/lounge space Ive ever seen. Everytime I walk by Im wonder why I choose Course 2. The entrance is appropriately decorated, and the areo/astro library is located right next to the lounge and lab. Yes, thats a hammock in the background. Plus, theres some open lab space and a shop: Then theres the Edgerton Center shop. Unfortunately I dont have any photos of it, but its pretty standard- some CNC mills and lathes, bandsaws, jigsaws, and some hand tools. (By the way, most CNC machines, except for the super heavy duty ones I showed above at LMP, are able to be operated manually.) The cool thing about the Edgerton Center is that while Papallardo and LMP are run by Mechanical Engineering and only open to students in that major (likewise with the Course 16 space), the Edgerton Center is open to all MIT students, provided that they complete a machine tools and safety course given by the Edgerton Center staff. If you want to use the Edgerton Center, you can sign up for the class- but do it early, because theres a pretty long wait. It took me almost a full semester to get into the class, which is offered every 2 weeks. The class is actually pretty cool- you learn how to use the lathes and milling machines, and even make a cool little flashlight in the process. Once youv e completed the course, youre free to use the shop whenever you want, whether its for a class project, a student group youre working with, or your own fun idea. And thats not even the end of it- there are even more shop spaces around campus which are for more private use. Several dorms have their own shops- East Campus and Random Hall, for example. My dorm, Burton Conner, is currently expanding on a modest tool collection and working on getting a space to put an actual shop as well. Lots of student groups also have their own shop spaces- theater groups have access to woodworking tools for the purpose of building sets, and there are lots of engineering-based student groups that also have their own shops. For example, FSAE (Formula Society of Automotive Engineers- they design and build a racecar for competition every year) and the Solar Electric Vehicle Team share a machine shop a few blocks north of main campus. The FIRST Robotics team also has their own shop which they share with a few other engineering-related student groups (I cant remember which at the moment). These shops are located in MIT building and owned by MIT, but the students are in charge- they literally have the keys to the rooms, so this creates a pretty different atmosphere. Those shops tend to be a bit messier than the academic shops, for example. These groups also typically allow their members to use the space for personal use at their own discretion- meaning I doubt you could just pretend to be a member to use the space, theyd probably expect you to show up to meetings and stuff. =) But during the crunch time for 2.007 last year, Adelaide 09 and I certainly dragged all of our robot parts all the way over to the FIRST shop (the easternmost building on all of campus, and a huge pain to get to) to slave away on our projects for an entire Saturday. So, theres an overview of machine shops on campus- theyre run by academic departments, administrative departments, student groups, and even dorms. Obviously my entry is a bit biased- since Im Course 2 I have the most photos of Course 2 lab space. But no matter what it is you want to do, I guarantee you can find access to some awesome power tools to get it done. =) Responses to questions: Kelsey K asked: But, are there welding facilities available to students? Im one of those girls that likes to weld, and it would be amazing to know if there was somewhere I could Arc weld every now and then! Hmm, Im not entirely sure about that. I know there are welding facilities in Papallardo, but usually if you want something welded, the machine shop guys will do it for you. If you convince them that you know what youre doing, maybe youd be able to, but Im not positive if theyd let students do it themselves. EA applicant asked: IT IS SOOO CLEAN!!!! How do you keep it like that?? It is true that you can keep a mini mill in your dorm at MIT? And do you get time to work on your own projects? The shops Ive shown you pictures of are used for academic purposes. Its expected that students clean up after themselves, or face the wrath of the shop guys, or a drop in their grades. I can guarantee that some of the other shops Ive mentioned but dont have pictures of (like the shops used by different engineering clubs) are much messier than that. =) But keep a mini mill in your dorm? Like in your room? I dont know about that, but as I mentioned there are several dorms that have their own shops in a common area. Not sure if any of them have mills or lathes though. And the time to work on your own projects is whatever time youre not doing your real psets. Sh1fty asked: can people who are not course 2 use those machines or at least get someone to make what they need? Rachel asked: Woahh! Do you get access if youre not a course 2 major? Are there lots of CNCs? Is it okay to use the shop in the wee hours of the morning? Generally the shops that are run by academic departments are strictly for the use of those students- but the Edgerton Center is open for all students to use. And yes, there are plenty of CNCs. Most of the mills and lathes have CNC capabilities. The shops Ive shown you are only open when theres someone there to staff them- but rest assured that engineering-centered student groups that have their own shops (FSAE, FIRST, Solar Car), are working all hours of the day and night. Noelle and Haris asked: Is it free? With the exception of the Hobby Shop (which charges members a fee each semester- of about $50, if memory serves), all of the shops are free for the students who are allowed to use them (Course 2 students in Papallardo, for example). Generally you have to pay for your own materials, unless you can convince someone to give you scraps. You can also keep an eye on reuse, a mailing list where people post about stuff they dont want anymore that you can go get for free. Sam 2 asked: Which Courses allow room for the most electives, and which ones require more courses within the major? Harrison replied: In response to Sam 2s first/less serious question, from what Ive seen Course 6 people (especially 6-3) on the old curriculum are consistently hosed but somehow always find time to complain about it/play Starcraft. 6 used to be an incredibly tough major until they messed with the curriculum. Also from what I hear Course 10 is also incredibly difficult but really awesome if youre into ChemE. Oh Harrison, who says they messed up the cirriculum? I happen to much prefer the new Course 6 cirriculum. Anyway, Harrison is actually mostly right- Courses 2 (Mechanical Engineering), 6 (Electrical Engineering and Computer Science), 10 (Chemical Engineering), and 16 (Aeronautics and Astronautics) are among the most strict in the sense that you get very few electives. Most Course 2 students actually only get 2 electives within the department. (Thats why 2A is much cooler. *grin*) Course 9 (Brain and Cognitive Sciences) is easily the most flexible, as those students get a wide selection of electives within their major. I cant think of any other notably flexible major off of my head, except for maybe 8B (flexible physics). Each major is different, so there are definitely more that lie on the flexible end of the spectrum, but I dont want to incorrectly label any of them and have lots of people yelling at me that I claimed that their major was easier than it actually is or something. =) Anonymous asked: What if are u are really honest about ur self..and it comes out in the app and in the recs and interviewbut still the admissions people decide that you are just not good enough!!! Wouldnt selling yourself by writing what they might want to hearwhich u might be able to pull off have a better chance give u a better chance of getting in??? Of course not- thats no way to lead your life. If you lie your way into MIT (which I dont think you could even accomplish, these guys in admissions have read lots of applications and know BS when they see it), what are you going to do when you get here? Chances are youll be miserable, because you tried to convince MIT that youd be perfect for it when you really werent. Plus, youd never know if you were actually good enough, because you didnt even give yourself a chance. But logic aside, the choice is ultimately yours. If youd like to lie on your application and pretend to be something youre not just to impress some people youve never met so you can go to some school that may not even be right for you, no one can stop you. But I can tell you thats no way to lead a happy, healthy, and successful life. an 8th grader, Trenten16 asked: I am an prospectent 16er and I want to know your Course 6 and Course 2 classes. Heres my advice to you, and I really mean this in the most honest, sincere way possible. Im not trying to be rude or snarky (for once): Focus on passing the 8th grade. Im completely serious. You will have plenty of time to worry about college 2 and a half years from now, and theres no need to start getting into the details of college classes now, when youre still not even in high school yet. Just do the best you can in your classes, and follow your passions, and get back to us in 2 or 3 years with your questions. Anonymous said (in response to my complains about not being able to remember a formula for my 2.005 exam): the formula that you refer to was actually on the 2.005 aid sheet.. as it was on the 3rd test.. hmm. tanmay said: Well, I remember that Cp-Cv=R. So IF the log of the pressures is related to the ideal gas constant, then its also related to the specific heat at constant volume. Am I right??? I refer both of you to the following: phreaker said: Tanmay, discussing formulas AFTER the test with someone who forgot them is a good way to get beaten up :p Ahem. Thank you. Anonymous said: I thought MIT students excelled in the area of test taking. You imply that theyre just ordinary people who were either lucky enough to get in. Oh wait to which phreaker replied: Everyone is ordinary once you look at them long enough. And ill bet most ppl, including MIT students have trouble with tests, especially when competing with all the other good test takers ;) Man, phreaker, youre on a roll. Do you want my job? Seriously though, the only claim anyone ever really made about MIT students is that theyre smart people. But were still people. Were not perfect or superhuman, and we dont like people thinking that were perfect or superhuman. It makes Christmas break really annoying, for one thing. (To quote numerous relatives: So you get good grades, right?) Im sorry you were under the impression that were all super geniuses who never find exams difficult. I assure you that is not the case.

Analysis Of The Short Story Gryphon By Charles Baxter

In the short story entitled â€Å"Gryphon† by author Charles Baxter, the author begins to formulate a storyline about a young boy named Tommy and his experience with his new substitute teacher, Miss Ferenczi. Miss Ferenczi being a new substitute teacher in Five Oaks, Michigan provides Tommy’s class with a unique atmosphere. Ferenczi’s personality and teaching methods are particular features newly encountered by Tommy. Moreover, Miss Ferenzi’s is presented as a strange individual amongst Tommy’s class because of her attire and the two lines present across her face. Tommy and other classmates begin to alter their perspective on Miss Ferenczi’s as her character begins to unravel. Further, characters such as Miss Ferenczi and Tommy begin to change behavior through the continuation of the story. For instance, Tommy starts to develop his imagination and Miss Ferenczi begins her ascension as a fictional storyteller. As the story progresses, each cha racter experiences continuous changes such as Tommy’s development of a sense of imagination and Miss Ferenczi’s implantation of fictional storytelling. Furthermore, Miss Ferenczi’s character commences to show signs of change as the story carries on. Initially, Miss Ferenczi is introduced as a unique substitute teacher compared to other teacher’s in Five Oaks Michigan due to her distinct appearance and deficient amounts of substitutes available. As Miss Ferenczi’s initiate’s class, she does not partake in anything unusual as stated by Tommy,

History And Culture Of The Cook Islands - 1940 Words

History of Culture The history behind the culture of the Cook Islands came from the various sources of ancient migration, and early land settlement. The islands got its name from a British man named Captain James Cook. He landed on the island in 1773. It was in the 19th century is when missionaries started to come to the islands. They brought with them many sicknesses as well as churches and schools to share the gospel. Through this, the island’s dominate religion is Christianity. In the Cook Islands culture, â€Å"all the islands employed a chiefly system based on traditional legends of migration and settlement† (Cook Islands: Art and Culture). Born to power as chiefs and inheritors, Polynesian culture before Europe’s involvement, falls nothing short to that in comparison to Greece’s heroic period. Like Homer’s concept in early 1200 BC, islanders adopted a similar and identical concept of belief known as, â€Å"Mana†, or power. 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Analysis Of Tyco International Ltd. - 1204 Words

Tyco International Ltd. is a security systems company incorporated in Ireland, with United States operational headquarters in Princeton, New Jersey (Tyco International (US) Inc.). Tyco International is composed of two major business segments, Security Solutions and Fire Protection Prior to July 1992, their net profit was $95 million, the return on sales was 3.1%, and the stock price was $4.30. In July 1992, Dennis Kozlowski was appointed CEO of Operations. Kozlowski knew Tyco from the bottom up, and stated that he was determined to make it the greatest company of the next century. Because of Kozlowski’s success the board rewarded Kozlowski’s performance by increasing his salary to $2.1 million and giving him shares of the company’s†¦show more content†¦Also in 2002, the New York State Bank Department observed large sums of money moving in and out of Tyco’s accounts. What made this finding unusual was that the funds were transferred into Kozlowski’s personal accounts. Kozlowski was caught in the act and was facing jail time and having to pay over $100 million in restitutions and back taxes. Learning that he was about to be indicted for tax evasion, Kozlowski resigned as CEO on June 2, 2002. On June 3, he was arrested, but the scandal had barely begun. In September of that year, Dennis Kozlowski and Mark Swartz, who also had resigned, were indicted on thirty-eight felony counts for allegedly stealing $170 million from Tyco and fraudulently selling an additional $430 million in stock options. Among other allegations, Kozlowski was accused of taking $242 million from a program intended to help Tyco employees buy company stock. Kozlowski was found guilty on twenty-two of twenty-three counts of grand larceny, conspiracy, and falsifying business records, as well as violating business law. The judge ordered both men to pay $134 million to Tyco. Kozlowski was also ordered to pay a $70 million fine. Kozlowski s jail time was about seven years in a state facility. This situation was harmful to the company, to the government, and to the integrity of the ex-CEO and ex-CFO. It damaged the company s reputation, resulting in a negative impact on its stock price, performance, and other executives

Entire organization free essay sample

Then he divides the total work into small, specialized tasks and assigns employees to specific tasks. Purpose: to make employees more efficient. The following concerns are reflected in the organizational structure: 2. Differentiations C] when jobs are grouped into working units. C] Units formed are called departments, units, groups, or divisions Departments may be organized according to function such as finance, marketing, and human resource placement, or product, or territory, or customers. The following concerns are reflected in the 3.Delegation of Authority C] when an organization grows beyond phase one, some of the tasks will have to be assigned to subordinates wholl be delegated with commensurate authorities CLC Proper delegation of authority will simplify the task of the owner. 4. Span of Management C] the small business operator must consider the number of subordinates reporting to a supervisor or to himself. 5. Hierarchy of objectives 0 an entrepreneurial venture is expected to achieve a certain objective which most Often is elated to the realization of profits. 6.Degree of Centralization L] authority is often required to be delegated to lower level units if work is expected to be accomplished. This not always the case, however. In any case, management has to decide on whether authority would be centralized or decentralized. Centralized organization -It is characterized by the concentration of authority for decision-making in the hands of one or a few, usually the sole proprietor, the senior partner or top management. 0 Centralized decision-making It is adapted when conditions are risky and when lower level managers lack he necessary skills in decommissioning. NOTE: In entrepreneurship, decision- Decentralized organization It is one where authority is widely delegated to subordinates. It is useful in organizations that operate in complex unpredictable environments. It reduces the load of top management and more time will be available for them to attend to some other important matters ADAPTING A SMALL BUSINESS The organization is the vehicle by which the SOB or the entrepreneur will achieve his business objectives. In the day-today operations of the business, he is confronted with the formal and informal organizationsI. FORMAL ORGANIZATION The formal structure is the one sanctioned by the management and is designed to achieve organizational objectives. The formal structure is shown in a pictorial representation called organizational chart. Various Types of Formal Organization 1 . Line Type based on the direct flow of authority from the chief executive to the us fabricated. ; Decision-making is the responsibility of each person situated in the direct line of ; Manager of each unit can make decisions quickly based on the clear chain of command. This advantage is very important in highly nominative situations where quick decisions are required. Various Types of Formal 2. Functional Type one in which there are number of functional specialists supervising the activities of a single subordinate. ; Adapts some kinds of specialized functions. As specialization is adapted and enhanced, it provides certain benefits that are required in certain situations like when specialized products or services are needed. The disadvantage of functional organization is that sometimes departmental concerns tend to override 3. Line and Staff characterized by line functions directly responsible for the achievement of organizational objectives and which are indirectly influenced by staff functions through advice, recommendations, research, and technical expertise. ; Fuses the advantages of the line type and the functional type. ; The disadvantage refers to the cost involved in maintaining the structure. 4.Committee ; Committee a formal organizational group created to carry out a specific organizational task. ; It consists of a group of individuals vested with authority and responsibility and performs a specific task which the individual manager cant complete. ; It is not a separate structure for the entire organization but a part of a regular line and staff structure. ; Committee provide effective means of pooling the expertise of different members of an organization and channeling their efforts toward a common goal.Various Types Of Formal 2 Types of Committee a. Ad hoc committee created for a short-term purpose and has a limited life. B. Standing Committee relatively permanent and performs a specific, recurring task, like reviewing budgets, hiring practices, and pricing policies. II. INFORMAL ORGANIZATION groups not formally sanctioned by the firm These types of informal groups are useful o the organization if the members accept the organizational goals.This is one concern where the small business owner can use his management skill to motivate employees to work for the firm. IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL Many small business ventures will adapt IN the SMALL line structuralizes due to the following reasons: ; Its simplicity is conducive to an immediate start-up in operations ; Its a good launching mechanism for the more sophisticated organizational structures ; Its adaptable to small-scale operations as all employees will be fully occupied with work.DIRECTING THE Directing refers to guiding and motivating employees to accomplish organizational objectives. C] It involves explaining procedures, issuing orders, and seeing that mistakes are corrected. DIRECTING THE SMALL BUSINESS A. Communicating with subordinates ;. Communication a meaningful exchange of information through messages It plays an important role in the achievement of company objectives. C].

Adventures Of Huck Finn And Superstitions Essays -

Adventures Of Huck Finn And Superstitions Huckleberry Finn provides the narrative voice of Mark Twain's novel, and his honest voice combined with his personal vulnerabilities reveal the different levels of the Grangerfords' world. Huck is without a family: neither the drunken attention of Pap nor the pious ministrations of Widow Douglas were desirable allegiance. He stumbles upon the Grangerfords in darkness, lost from Jim and the raft. The family, after some initial cross-examination, welcomes, feeds and rooms Huck with an amiable boy his age. With the light of the next morning, Huck estimates "it was a mighty nice family, and a mighty nice house, too"(110). This is the first of many compliments Huck bestows on the Grangerfords and their possessions. Huck is impressed by all of the Grangerfords' belongings and liberally offers compliments. The books are piled on the table "perfectly exact"(111), the table had a cover made from "beautiful oilcloth"(111), and a book was filled with "beautiful stuff and poetry"(111). He even appraises the chairs, noting they are "nice split-bottom chairs, and perfectly sound, too--not bagged down in the middle and busted, like an old basket"(111). It is apparent Huck is more familar with busted chairs than sound ones, and he appreciates the distinction. Huck is also more familar with flawed families than loving, virtuous ones, and he is happy to sing the praises of the people who took him in. Col. Grangerford "was a gentleman all over; and so was his family"(116). The Colonel was kind, well-mannered, quiet and far from frivolish. Everyone wanted to be around him, and he gave Huck confidence. Unlike the drunken Pap, the Colonel dressed well, was clean-shaven and his face had "not a sign of red in it anywheres" (116). Huck admired how the Colonel gently ruled his family with hints of a submerged temper. The same temper exists in one of his daughters: "she had a look that would make you wilt in your tracks, like her father. She was beautiful"(117). Huck does not think negatively of the hints of iron in the people he is happy to care for and let care for him. He does not ask how three of the Colonels's sons died, or why the family brings guns to family picnics. He sees these as small facets of a family with "a handsome lot of quality" (118). He thinks no more about Jim or the raft, but knows he has found a new home, one where he doesn't have to go to school, is surrounded by interior and exterior beauty, and most importantly, where he feels safe. Huck "liked that family, dead ones and all, and warn't going to let anything come between us"(118). Huck is a very personable narrator. He tells his story in plain language, whether describing the Grangerford's clock or his hunting expedition with Buck. It is through his precise, trusting eyes that the reader sees the world of the novel. Because Huck is so literal, and does not exaggerate experiences like Jim or see a grand, false version of reality like Tom Sawyer, the reader gains an understanding of the world Mark Twain created, the reader is able to catch Twain's jokes and hear his skepticism. The Grangerford's furniture, much admired by Huck, is actually comicly tacky. You can almost hear Mark Twain laughing over the parrot-flanked clock and the curtains with cows and castles painted on them even as Huck oohs and ahhs. And Twain pokes fun at the young dead daughter Huck is so drawn to. Twain mocks Emmeline as an amateur writer: "She warn't particular, she could write about anything you choose to give her to write about, just so it was sadful"(114). Yet Twain allows the images of Emmeline and the silly clock to deepen in meaning as the chapter progresses. Emmeline is realized as an early portent of the destruction of Huck's adopted family. The mantel clock was admired by Huck not only for its beauty, but because the Grangerfords properly valued beauty and "wouldn't took any money for her"(111). Huck admired the Grangerfords' principles, and the stake they placed in good manners, delicious food, and attractive possessions. But Huck realizes in Chapter 18 that whereas the Grangerfords may value a hand-painted clock more than money, they put little value on human life. The third view of the Grangerford's world is provided by Buck Grangerford. He is the same age as Huck; he has grown up in a world of feuding, family picnics, and Sunday sermon that are appreciated but rarely followed. Buck, from when he meets Huck

Academic integrity Essay Example

Academic integrity Essay Example Academic integrity Essay Academic integrity Essay Academic Integrity What is the importance of writing, both academically and professionally? The importance of writing, both academically and professionally is to be able to communicate your thoughts properly to everyone whom you communicate with. I believe being able to write academically give you the foundation in which you are going to use when you write professionally. When you write professionally its important to be able to communicate to co-workers as well as potential clients. I feel hey are both important in the sense they help you communicate to your peers, colleagues and everyone else in an effective manner through email, letters and corporate memos. Why is integrity important in writing? I think integrity is important for writing in academics. Being able to submit a paper or essay with the confidence your work is completely honest is a great feeling. I feel being honest in your writing gives others a reason to trust you and inform others you are responsible. I feel if these characteristics are shown in your writing they also show the kind of character you have as a person. These traits can prove toa teacher, administration, school and employer you are worthy of being a part of their organization. The value of having integrity is something you will carry with you not only in school, but also in other phases of your life. How can you avoid plagiarism? There are few ways you can avoid plagiarism. One way is to be honest to submit your wn work and not someone elses. Another way is to ensure you are giving credit to the resources you have used to gather and state your facts. If you properly post your citations, references and paraphrases this will help you in a huge way. Another way is to ensure the information you are using for your facts are also accurate and provide by a reliable sources. Ensure the information you are basing your paper is an accredited institution. Academic integrity By brianayala

Performance Review Takes a Page from Facebook Research Paper

Performance Review Takes a Page from Facebook - Research Paper Example It is because of this that this essay seeks to establish the reality on these matters. It is very untenable to posit that regular conversations with employees and familiarity with their stand can overwrite the need for performance evaluation. First, it is likely that these regular conversations also include both formal and informal discourse. Informal discourse does no constitute the frameworks of performance evaluation. Conversely, taking regular conversations and an employees’ acquaintance with their stand is akin to taking an individual’s words for a fact. What an employee says he has done is not what may be the reality. Many are the cases when employees have assured their bosses that they have finished a project, to save face, and with the hope of finishing the project before the boss asks for it. Performance evaluation also factors several measures and frameworks that conversations and familiarity may not capture, the degree of regularity and familiarity notwithsta nding. First, performance evaluation should be carried out on regular basis (for instance, at the end of a fiscal year) and should be facilitated by the human resources (HR) management or a supervisor. It is debatable if the boss will follow through the frameworks that entail performance evaluation, due to the impromptu nature of a conversation. In a closely related wavelength, performance evaluation becomes only meaningful with a performance target in mind or at hand. Even if the boss may have this in mind, it is a fact that his mind will not contain all the specific frameworks of performance evaluation. It is very unlikely that the employer or the boss will keep every employee’s performance target, in order to make sensible performance appraisal. Performance evaluation also meaningful if it factors it is followed up with proper correctional action. Because there would be no proper performance appraisal, it follows that such conversations will not capture proper correctional measures such as workshop drives and training programs, or the degree to which they should be carried out. Question 2 When one looks at the possible effectiveness of the social network performance review to veterans, baby boomers, Gen X, and Gen Y, one realizes that there are changes that have taken place. For the veterans and the baby boomers, it is clear that conventional type of social network performance was used, in lieu of the online social networks. This is because the world had not yet become acquainted to the Worldwide Web. Generation Y and X began using social networks to perpetuate organizational goals, earlier and more frequently than the baby boomers and the veterans due to age. For instance, the veterans (1922-1943) always value clarity and consistency in respect to rules, performance standards and decision making processes. This generation may therefore need clarification on what it is actually expect of it, when introducing social network performance. Baby boomers ( 1944-60) in turn will also realize positive social network performance reviews since this group likes being in control. Generation X (1961-1980) may also register positive social network performance review since it has the ability to flexibly balance work arrangements and work balance. This group also has ready access to exciting and meaningful work choices. Generation Y (1981-2000) may also register pleasing social network performance review since it has a knack for teamwork, fast decision making and self-motivation. Question 3: Justification

Intuition Science Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Intuition Science Paper - Essay Example Intuition science is unique because the mind and the external environment are both taken into account. Understanding the environmental factors responsible for the emergence of human intuition is crucial to understanding intuition itself because it is a major influence on our actions. Intuition arises from the unconscious mind. This means that the sub-conscious mind has a significant role in determining our conscious behavior-a role that is larger and more important in the decisions we make every day of our lives. Moral behavior is included in all this and intuition science sheds light on the cognitive processes that affect moral decision making. Our evolved brains have acquired the complexity and the capacities they have from the acquisition and storage of the information that the brain continually receives from external stimuli via the senses (seeing, touching, hearing, etc.). The brains stores all of this information starting at birth. This information quickly grows as we age and e xperience the world. The brain has evolved to simultaneously use all of the stored data and hardly use any at all. The conscious and sub-conscious parts of the mind each process the data in different ways, but ways that have allowed for the emergence of abstract thought, the capacity to rationalize, and to become moral creatures.

Complex Love In A Rose For Emily English Literature Essay

Complex Love In A Rose For Emily English Literature Essay This paper will investigate the complex love relationship between the southern belladonna Emily Grierson and the northern street worker Homer Barron in William Faulkners A Rose for Emily. In order to analyse this issue, I will divide my research in two parts. I will first focus on the female protagonist who seems to have a great desire for companionship and love. To verify this idea I will outline the main features of her life and try to enter in the world of her psyche. Moreover, I will define and interpret possible reasons for her actions. The second part will concentrate on the important male figure of the short story: Homer Barron. Here, I will focus mainly on his role in this sophisticated love-scenario and on the questions, why he gets murdered and which reasons led Emily to commit such a crime. I will then compare these findings to the title of the short story and concentrate my thoughts on the meaning of the symbol of the rose in A Rose for Emily. 2. A Rose for Emily: A Portrait of Emily Grierson. An absent-minded Southern belladonna named Emily Grierson represents the protagonist of William Faulkners short story A Rose for Emily. Interpretations about this character can lead to numerous directions due to her life which is seen as extremely bizarre and macabre: The daughter of an aristocratic and a good standing family has difficulties with growing-up due to her stern father who never accepts one of her suitors. After Mr Grierson passed away, a young street worker from the North, named Homer Barron, appears in the small town of Jefferson, to whom she loses her heart. Suddenly, he vanishes and he never turns up again, while Emily is caught in the act of buying arsenic. Until then, Ms Grierson stays in her house for good but her black servant leaves sometimes. All of a sudden, Emily dies and as the curious townspeople enter the house at her burial, they come across a bedroom made up as a bridal room where they find a grey strain of hair next to the tracks of a skeleton. Schizophrenia as a Scapegoat for her Actions. Although Emilys behaviour is outrageous, she never had a reputation for being insane. The townspeople did not say she was crazy (A Rose for Emily  [1]  124), but her actions and her character would lead one to assume that she has gone barking mad. If not, why would someone stay in a house for a lifetime and sleep next to a corpse? A possible explanation for this might be a mental illness, as e.g. schizophrenia (Smith). Its causes can be easily lead back to Emilys childhood: As a result of the high values of an aristocratic family, she grew up with ever-lasting expectations that the inhabitants of Jefferson had of a daughter of such an ancestry: Miss Emily had been a tradition, a duty, and a care; a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town (RfE 119). The citizens demanded the maintenance of those traditions set up by her ancestors but already as a child she was not probably able to handle these demanding conditions (Smith). Another culprit for Emilys mental state is definitely Mr Grierson. The family values were of a particular importance for him, even if his daughter would have to suffer: [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] her father which had thwarted her womans life so many times [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] (RfE 127). Therefore Emily never had a love relationship with a man because Mr Grierson thinking none of those suitors were good enough for her was always shooing them away. [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] the Griersons held themselves a little too high for what they really were. None of the young men were quite good enough for Miss Emily and such. [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] she got to be thirty and was still single [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦]. (RfE 123) 2.2 Death of her Father as the Last Straw. After Mr Grierson passed away, the reader is able to observe an acceleration of Emilys mental decadence (Smith). This process might seem peculiar but it is easy explainable: Emily was always burdened with external stress, which her father has to be partly blamed for. Now, much of this pressure disappears suddenly owing to the death of Mr Grierson and of all his expectations and orders, whereby the previous hidden symptoms surface (Smith). Therefore, Emily is not able anymore to convey her true feelings at the burial, i.e. she is not affected by her own fathers exitus and has no trace of grief on her face (RfE 123). Hence, the former Southern belle is leaving more and more reality and enters an imaginary world, as e.g. by saying to the townspeople that her father was not dead (RfE 123) or by totally withdrawing herself from society. Another classic symptom for schizophrenia can be detected in her inability of interacting socially with others and in the later lack of hygiene and of sel f-awareness on her physical appearance (Smith): When we next saw Miss Emily, she had grown fat and her hair was turning gray. During the next few years it grew grayer and grayer until it attained an even pepper-and-salt iron-gray, when it ceased turning. Up to the day of her death at seventy-four it was still that vigorous iron-gray, like the hair of an active man. (RfE 127-28) Besides all these examples, the best argument for a supposable mental illness on the part of Emily Grierson establishes her attraction to corpses. 2.3 Transcending Death of Emilys Love. The fact that Ms Grierson spends time with a dead human body states Faulkner in the last sentences of his short story: The man himself lay in the bed. For a long while we just stood there, looking down at the profound and fleshless grin. The body had apparently once lain in the attitude of an embrace, but now the long sleep that outlasts love, that conquers even the grimace of love, had cuckolded him. What was left of him, rotted beneath what was left of the nightshirt, had become inextricable from the bed in which he lay; and [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] in the second pillow was the indentation of a head. One of us lifted something from it, and leaning forward, that faint and invisible dust dry and acrid in the nostrils, we saw a long strand of iron-gray hair (RfE 130). This paragraph demonstrates well the height of her mental illness and explains frankly what Emily did in the last years of her life: She murdered her suitor Homer Barron and passed the nights next to his cadaver. Such attractions to dead bodies are termed as necrophilia which is a combination of the two Greek words nekros (dead person) and philia (affection). This mental disorder includes sexual intercourse with a corpse which is in fact illegal in Europe. Whether Emily slept with Homers corpse can only be interpreted because it is not mentioned directly (Grabher). 3. A Rose for Homer: A Portrait of Homer Barron. Homer Barron displays an essential figure in A Rose for Emily because he can be presented as a symbol for hope and for companionship, i.e. Emily Grierson sees in this Northern street worker a ghost of a chance of getting away from all the expectations laid upon her and from solitude. Her whole life has been marked by the feeling of loneliness but through Homer she tries to break this mould. [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] we were sure that they were to be married. We learned that Miss Emily had been to the jewelers and ordered a mans toilet set in silver, with the letters H. B. on each piece. Two days later we learned that she had bought a complete outfit of mens clothing, including a nightshirt [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] (RfE 127). The townspeoples description of Emilys activities reveals her seriousness about her relationship with her beloved foreman but does not convey the reason for her subsequent tasks. 3.1 Revelation of Homers Homosexual Proclivities. A possible reason for the murder of Homer Barron could be seen in Emilys fear of being alone again. Indeed, she falls in love with her follow and insists on marrying him but that differs with Homers intentions. As a labourer from the North, he is just looking for a place to stay during the working weeks and not for a future wife. In addition to that, it seems that Homer is not interested in any woman but in men, because he himself had remarked-he liked men, and it was known that he drank with the younger men in the Elks Club-that he was not a marrying man (RfE 126). A closer analysis of his first and last name can be used to strengthen this theory. Homer leads us back to Ancient Greece (8th century BC-146 BC) and to Homeros who wrote Iliad and the Odyssey. Anyway, the Greek society of this time is largely known for its acceptance of homosexuality. Barron could be interpreted in various ways, e.g. as a pun  [2]  due to barren which has a similar sound. However, barren displays a tight connection with the character, if we look at its synonyms: fruitless, sterile, meagre or infertile. This particular meaning of that term ties in with the inability of a homosexual couple to reproduce and therefore with the figure of Homer Barron (Grabher). Moreover, Faulkner integrates little hints to get to know Homers sexual preferences, as e.g. through the use of colours: [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] Homer Barron with his hat cocked and a cigar in his teeth, reins and whip in a yellow glove [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] (RfE 126). The colour yellow could be here a clear reference to the Yellow Book which was the most popular British magazine in the 1980s  [3]  . It was associated with aestheticism, a 19th century movement which attached more importance to aesthetic values than to moral ones, and indirectly with homosexuality (Roth). 3.2 Emilys Response to her Discovery. The most interesting issue about this complicate love-scenario between a forlorn Southern lady and a gay Northern industrial worker is how her discovery of Homers truly sexual proclivities affected Emily. After discovering his secret, she tries to adapt her physical appearance to the conceptions of beauty of her beloved: she cuts her hair which then looks like the hair of an active man (RfE 128). The motive for doing that can be lead back to the desire of pleasing him in order to keep their relationship alive. This whole aspect reminds me of the Italian painter Michelangelo Merisi (1571-1610), better known as Caravaggio, whose sexual identity was also surrounded by numerous rumours, e.g. it is said that he went for male androgynous younglings. Many of his paintings show such infantile boys, like e.g. Bacchus (1595) or Amor Vincit Omnia (1602). Even more striking is that women were unusual objects in his canvases and if he depicted them, they mostly have a short, boyish hairstyle, as Faulkners Emily and as the angel in Caravaggios Rest on the Flight into Egypt (1597) have (Harten 30-34). Fig. 1. Caravaggio, Rest on the Flight into Egypt, Galleria Doria Pamphili, Rome; rpt. in Andrew Graham-Dixon, Caravaggio: A Life Sacred and Profane (London: Allen Lane, 2010; print; 162). 3.3 Homer as a Rose for Emily. Emily realises soon that Homer and she do not have the same feelings for each other and that he will not be in her town for a long time anymore. Therefore, she takes to more extreme measures: she buys arsenic in order to kill Homer. I want some poison she said to the druggist. [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] Yes, Miss Emily. What kind? [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] I want the best you have. I dont care what kind. The druggist named several. Theyll kill anything up to an elephant.' (RfE 125) The reason for the murder lies clearly in her great desire of avoiding a probable recurring solitude and of keeping Homer as close as possible. This leads directly to a possible interpretation concerning the title of the short story which can be irritating due to the absence of the image of a rose in Faulkners work. Although the flower is not stated at all, the term rose arises four times bearing two different meanings. On the one hand the author uses this word as the past form of the verb rise and on the other hand as the colour rose: A thin, acrid pall as of the tomb seemed to lie everywhere upon this room decked and furnished as for a bridal: upon the valance curtains of faded rose colo[u]r, upon the rose-shaded lights, upon the dressing table, [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦]. (RfE 129-30) That is why it is not evident who or what symbolises the rose in the title. A plausible conclusion could be that Homer personalises the rose because Emily does not endure letting him go, not even after his decease. On the contrary, she uses death to be even closer to her beloved street worker. Her greatest wish of keeping Homers body resembles to the action of bending a rose and pressing it then between some pages of a book in order to keep its beauty forever (VCCS Litonline). 4. Conclusion The leading idea of this paper has been to analyse the complex love relationship between Emily Grierson and Homer Barron in William Faulkners A Rose for Emily. As we have seen, the female protagonist of this short story had a difficult life due to a probable mental health illness developed from her personal problems with her aristocratic background and the expectations laid upon her. Her only wish was to find companionship and love which she thought having found in the figure of Homer Barron. After having discovered his real sexual orientation, she was gutted and did not want to accept that she has to let him go too. Thusly, she murdered him in order to keep him for good a pressed rose between some pages of a book.

The Genre Cycle Essays -- Film, Movies

Film scholars around the world agree that all genres of film are part of the â€Å"genre cycle†. This cycle contains four different stages that a specific genre goes through. These stages are: primitive, classic, revisionist, and parody. Each stage that the genre goes through brings something different to that genre’s meaning and what the audience expects. I believe that looking at the horror genre will be the most beneficial since it has clearly gone through each stage. The first stage of the genre cycle is called the primitive stage. During this stage of the cycle, the genre of horror is very new. Filmmakers are trying to decide what makes a horror film a horror film, while audience are figuring out what they should expect every time they see this kind of film. For example, Todd Browning’s Dracula is the basic, stripped down blueprint for many monster-horror films today. It features the â€Å"bad guy† accompanied by the â€Å"good guy†. After several horrifying events, Van Helsing kills the vampire, Dracula, and good prevails, again. Thus, establishing that in horror films no matter how grue...

African American Characteristics Paper Essay

African American culture in the United States refers to the cultural contributions of Americans of African descent to the culture of the United States, either as part of or distinct from American culture. The distinct identity of African American culture is rooted in the historical experience of the African American people. The culture is both distinct and enormously influential to American culture as a whole. African-American culture is rooted in Africa. It is a blend of chiefly sub-Saharan African and Sahelean cultures. Although slavery greatly restricted the ability of Americans of African descent to practice their cultural traditions, many practices, values, and beliefs survived and over time have modified or blended with European American culture. There are some facets of African American culture that were accentuated by the slavery period. The result is a unique and dynamic culture that has had and continues to have a profound impact on mainstream American culture, as well as the culture of the broader world† (Rydell, 2010). Learning Team B has chosen African Americans as the culturally diverse group we will focus on. The subjects in this paper will be African American history, family characteristics, parenting practices, language, and religion. Also, the primary characteristics of African Americans and how those characteristics impact their experience as a subculture in American Society will be a topic. The last topic will be the implications of the characteristics for psychological theories and practices. History African Americans are the descendants of Africans brought to America during the slavery era. Many were owned as property and forced to work as day laborers in the fields or as servants in their owner’s homes. Others were allowed to work off their debts by being bough and sold on â€Å"the block†. An article titled â€Å"The Slave Auction of 1859 gives a brief account of what it was to be sold on â€Å"the block†: â€Å"The buyers, who were present to the number of about two hundred, clustered around the platform; while the Negroes, who were not likely to be immediately wanted, gathered into sad groups in the background to watch the progress of the selling in which they were so sorrowfully interested. The wind howled outside, and through the open side of the building the driving rain came pouring in; the bar down stairs ceased for a short time its brisk trade; the buyers lit fresh cigars, got ready their catalogues and pencils, and the first lot of human chattels are led upon the stand, not by a white man, but by a sleek mulatto, himself a slave, and who seems to regard the selling of his brethren, in which he so glibly assists, as a capital joke. It had been announced that the Negroes would be sold in â€Å"families,† that is to say; a man would not be parted from his wife, or a mother from a very young child. There is perhaps as much policy as humanity in this arrangement, for thereby many aged and unserviceable people are disposed of, who otherwise would not find a ready sale†¦ â€Å"(New York Daily Tribune, 1928). President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, as the nation approached its third year of civil war. The proclamation declared â€Å"that all persons held as slaves† within the rebellious states â€Å"are, and henceforward shall be free. † Despite this expansive wording, the Emancipation Proclamation was limited in many ways. It applied only to states that had seceded from the Union, leaving slavery untouched in the loyal border states. It also expressly exempted parts of the Confederacy that had already come under Northern control. Most important, the freedom it promised depended upon Union military victory. History pages often claim President Lincoln as â€Å"The Great Emancipator† which most educated adults come to learn is an over exaggeration. The general consensus is that Lincoln never freed a single slave, and only used the proclamation as a means to get what he wanted from the states. Once freed most African Americans still experienced racial violence and lived in fear for many years. In 1870 the fifteenth amendment was added to the constitution giving blacks the right to vote. Although blacks were free they were still segregated from the white people, made to go to different schools, stores, and even ride at the back of the bus. In 1954 the supreme courts declared segregation in school unconstitutional due to the Brown vs. The Board of Education of Topeka Kansas. The civil right movement was at its peak during 1955-1965. Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, ensuring basic civil rights for all Americans, regardless of race, after nearly a decade of nonviolent protests and marches, ranging from the 1955-1956 Montgomery bus boycotts to the student-led sit-ins of the 1960s to the huge March on Washington in 1963. In 1968 President Johnson signed the Civil Right act prohibiting discrimination in the sale, rental, and financing of housing. Some of the most famous leader of the civil right movement includes Martin Luther King Jr. , Thurgood Marshall, Rosa Parks and many others. Although civil rights were established many African American still struggled to be treated fairly in America. Affirmative Action was established in 1978 by a ruling of the Supreme Court to ensure that minorities are given an opportunity that they may have missed because of their race. In 2008 Barack Obama was the first African American to be nominated for a major party nominee for president. He was elected the 44th President of the United States on November 4, 2008, and sworn in on January 20, 2009. Family and Parenting Characteristics As with most cultures, African Americans place a high value on their families. In the United States African American family’s make-up 12. 9 percent of the population according to the 2003 US Census. The US census also shows that for African Americans over the age of 15 there are 34 percent married, five percent separated, eleven percent divorced, seven percent widowed, and 43 percent were never married. According to the First Things First website, â€Å"African Americans are the most un-partnered group in America† (Medium, 2011, para. 4). One major goal of African American families is communalism, which is very important for effective functioning (Hall, 2010). Hall (2010) describes African American families as having three family types. The first type is the cohesive-authoritative that is explained to be a family with high cohesion along with being supportive, nurturing, and involved with their children (Hall, 2010). The second type of family is the conflictive-authoritarian that is defined as families with conflict and the parents are controlling, critical, and express unhappiness with children (Hall, 2010). The last type of family Hall (2010) explains is the defensive- neglectful, that did not like other racial groups and also did not teach their children to be proud of being an African American. One significant trend that has been determined about the African American family structure is that the more interconnected the family is, the lower the rate of depression in African Americans (Hall, 2010). Based on these findings, a program called Strong African American Families has been created in order to strengthen the relationships between parents and children. According to Hall (2010), â€Å"The Strong African American Families program also has been found to reduce preadolescent risky sexual behaviors, preadolescent alcohol use, and parental depression among African American families† (p.95). This kind of program has been very effective in keeping families cohesive and helping to improve the goal of communalism. Language â€Å"Generations of hardships imposed on the African American community created distinctive language patterns. Slave owners often intentionally mixed people who spoke different African languages to discourage communication in any language other than English. This, combined with prohibitions against education, led to the development of pidginsimplified mixtures of two or more languages that speakers of different languages can use to communicate. Examples of pidgins that became fully developed languages include Creole, common to Louisiana, and Gullah, common to the Sea Islandsoff the coast of South Carolina and Georgia† (Rydell, 2010). It is sad to think that slave owners intentionally put Africans with people who did not speak their language to discourage communication, but is have been researched and proven to be true. Slavery is not the only element to African American culture, and it often seems that when discussing African American culture slavery is the main topic. However, when discussing language the centuries of slavery that they endured have everything to do with the evolution of African-American language. Now that we have covered the origin of African American language we can discuss the American perspective of where modern day African American language stands, and how this effects the culture. â€Å"African American Vernacular English (AAVE)—also called African American English; less precisely Black English, Black Vernacular, Black English Vernacular (BEV), or Black Vernacular English (BVE)—is an African Americanvariety(dialect, ethnolect and sociolect) of American English. Non-linguists sometimes call it Ebonics(a term that also has other meanings or strong connotations) or jive or jive-talk. Its pronunciation is, in some respects, common to Southern American English, which is spoken by many African Americans and many non-African Americans in the United States. There is little regional variation among speakers of AAVE. Several creolists, including William Stewart, John Dillard, and John Rickford, argue that AAVE shares so many characteristics with Creole dialects spoken by black people in much of the world that AAVE itself is a Creole dialect; while others maintain that there are no significant parallels. As with all linguistic forms, its usage is influenced by age, status, topic and setting. There are many literary uses of this variety of English, particularly in African-American literature† (Rydell, 2010). Of course this information does not imply that all African Americans speak a version of AAVE, only that it is very common and prevalent throughout the modern day African American culture. Religion In the African American community religion plays an extremely significant role. â€Å"The story of African-American religion is a tale of variety and creative fusion. Enslaved Africans transported to the New World beginning in the fifteenth century brought with them a wide range of local religious beliefs and practices. This diversity reflected the many cultures and linguistic groups from which they had come. The majority came from the West Coast of Africa, but even within this area religious traditions varied greatly. Islam had also exerted a powerful presence in Africa for several centuries before the start of the slave trade: an estimated twenty percent of enslaved people were practicing Muslims, and some retained elements of their practices and beliefs well into the nineteenth century. Preserving African religions in North America proved to be very difficult. The harsh circumstances under which most slaves lived—high death rates, the separation of families and tribal groups, and the concerted effort of white owners to eradicate â€Å"heathen† (or non-Christian) customs—rendered the preservation of religious traditions difficult and often unsuccessful. Isolated songs, rhythms, movements, and beliefs in the curative powers of roots and the efficacy of a world of spirits and ancestors did survive well into the nineteenth century. Historically during their most difficult times the African American relied on their religious beliefs to endure. During the civil rights movement black churches were often the target of racial violence because that was a place that African Americans spent most of their time. This was a place where they often held meetings to discuss their civil rights efforts. African Americans practice a number of religions, but Protestant Christianity is by far the most prevalent. Some African and African American also follow the Muslim and Judaism. According to Fife, Kilgour, Canter and Adegoke (2010), â€Å"African spiritual traditions have historically held a central place in African American communalism (Mbiti, 1990) and were vital to survival during the time of slavery. In African and African American culture the concept of spirituality is inseparable from all other aspects of human experience. The spiritual and the physical are indistinguishable (Mbiti, 1990). A deep connection exists between humans, God, family, and group (Barrett, 1974). Spirituality is not compartmentalized into systematized beliefs and practices but woven into everyday experience (Boyd Franklin, 1989). The Black church is the primary means through which many African Americans express their religious and spiritual beliefs and values (Richardson & June, 1997). This institution is a central force in African American childhood and adolescent identity and helps to shape ideas about what comprises community. † Many African American children have christen ceremonies for they can even walk or talk. African American families generally spend a substantial amount of time within their places of worship. Conclusion For review, the big questions the above research addressed were: †¢What are the primary cultural characteristics of this selected group? †¢How do the characteristics of this group impact its experience as a subculture in American society? †¢How might the cultural aspects of this group be applied to traditional psychological theory? †¢What are the implications of these characteristics for psychological theory and practice? We have found that the primary cultural characteristics of the African America culture are their history of slavery in America, distinct family and parenting practices, slavery based evolution of their language, and their dedicated religious beliefs. The characteristics of this group impact its experience as a subculture in American society by enticing others in to the culture and sparking curiosity around the world. African Americans make up a small percentage of the minority in America. However African American culture dominates the world of music, fashion, and professional sports. The cultural aspects of the African American group can be applied to traditional psychological theory when considering family dynamics, cultural perspectives, and how these aspects influence mental health. The implications of these characteristics for psychological theory and practice would focus on how the African American history of slavery in America influences their world view, how family and parenting practices mold their ideals of what a family should be, how religion influences their beliefs and actions, and how language distinguishes them from others and what psychological impact this has on them as a whole. For many years African-American culture developed separately from mainstream American culture, both because of slavery and the persistence of racial discrimination in America, as well as African-American slave descendants’ desire to create and maintain their own traditions. Today, African-American culture has become a significant part of American culture and yet, at the same time, remains a distinct cultural body. References Fife, J. , McCreary, M. , Kilgour, J. , Canter, D. , & Adegoke, A. (2010). Self Identification Among African American and Caucasian College Students. College Student Journal, 44(4), 994. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Hall, G. C. N. (2010). Multicultural psychology (2nd ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Medium. (2011). First Things First. Retrieved from http://firstthings. org/page/research/african-american-family-facts New York Daily Tribune, March 9, 1859 reprinted in Hart, Albert B. , American History Told by Contemporaries v. 4 (1928). Retrieved from http://eyewitnesstohistory. com Rydell, R. J. , Hamilton, D. L. , & Devos, T. (2010). NOW THEY ARE AMERICAN, NOW THEY ARE NOT: VALENCE AS A DETERMINANT OF THE INCLUSION OF AFRICAN AMERICANS IN THE AMERICAN IDENTITY. Social Cognition, 28(2), 161-179. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

Case Analysis on Business Ethics of Paso Limited

Case Analysis on Business Ethics of Paso Limited Introduction Many scholars have researched a lot on business ethics. Business ethics is a mode of operation that a given organization adheres to in its daily activities with its customers, employees and shareholders. Ethics of a business can be diverse and may include its dealings with an individual person, organization, community or government. Business ethics covers an organization’s dealings in relation to its environment, people and its shareholders or owners (Fraedrich, Ferrell, Linda, 2010). This paper is going to revolve around business ethics to demonstrate a clear understanding of business ethics concepts covered in this concept. I am going to focus on Paso Limited which is located in Eastman, Georgia. There will be a brief description of the company’s products/services, the scope and size of its operations. The paper will also include the various ethical issues that affect the company, a visual representation of its stakeholders, measures put in place in managing ethical issues, company’s CSR strategy and the implications of my approach (Pojman James, 2009). Company description Paso limited is a big firm located in Eastman, Georgia. The company deals with various production lines such as; production of agricultural chemicals, production of detergents, soaps and waste treatment products, construction of agricultural structures such as green houses, preparation and coordination of agricultural field days and exhibitions and lastly a consultancy firm (Henn, 2009). The company has branches spread all over the United States of America and Europe. The firm was started in 1989 by Dr. Mark Sports as a small agricultural firm manufacturing agricultural chemicals such as pesticides. The company has grown to an international multibillion company. As of January 2011 the company was valued at 450 billion dollars. The company supplies 60 percent of the agricultural industry with its range of products and services hence considered to be the leading company in this business. 70 percent of the company’s ownership is by various US citizens and the remaining 30 percent by Dr. Mark Sports (Kozami, 2002). The company is managed by a good team of professional and experienced managers from all genders and diversity. The board of directors is chaired by Dr. Mark and meets twice in a month in order to set and review policies for smooth running and operation of the firm. For the past years the company has won several awards from the government and non governmental institutions for its great contribution to the country’s economy. The company has also hit headlines with it being criticized for poor working conditions and environment pollution. The company has some few cases to settle with its suppliers pending in court. This has raised many questions concerning its ethics. The company vowed to pull up on the issues being raised during its last annual general meeting with the shareholders (Pojman James, 2009). The company needs to purchase latest equipment and catch up with latest technology in order to improve on efficiency, effectiveness and environment pollution in line with its vision and mission (Shaw, 2011). Ethical issues facing Paso limited Paso Limited like any other organization has a few ethical issues in its operation that may have great effect to its reputation, market segmentation, production output and efficiency. Customers trust has to be maintained in order to survive in the business world as well as improving on the firm’s revenues. A company’s relationship with the society surrounding it plays a major role in its operation. There are three ethical issues that Paso limited is currently facing: Its operation has major effect on the surrounding environment, employees are complaining of hazardous working conditions/poor working terms and lastly the annual revenues generated by the company due to its decrease in market share (Shaw, 2011). This has great impact on Paso Limited’s triple bottom line (Bose, 2006). Environment pollution Paso Limited deals with manufacture of agricultural chemicals, detergents and soaps which produced from poisonous raw materials such as highly concentrated acids. The company has constructed a good drainage system that connects to the council’s sewer line. However, during rainy seasons this never works due to constant blockage of the line which ends up busting the line, exposing chemicals to the environment. Much of this waste mixes with running water which ends up contaminating rivers (Jones, Parker, Bos, 2005). This is a great threat to the environment and the society that uses these rivers for irrigation and as a source of drinking water. Communities around the company have been complaining about this for quite some time are intending to sue the company if it does not come up with good measures to reduce the rate of pollution in the next three months. In business ethics the company should ensure that its activities do not affect the either the society or environment surrou nding it (Jones, Parker, Bos, 2005). The company should also avoid several cases with its stakeholders as a sign of an ethnical organization which is not the case with Paso limited. An ethical organization should avoid causing unwarranted harm to its employees and the neighboring communities which may be directly or indirectly affected by its operational processes. Allowances and working conditions According to business ethics an organization should be fair to its employees by providing good working conditions, equipment/machinery and good rewards/remunerations. Paso limited employees have formed a registered workers union and soon will be going on strike due to poor working conditions, allowances and salary (Shaw, 2011). This will be a big blow to the company which will have a major effect on its reputation. The management is meeting with trade union officials in order to come up with workable structure that will help in settling the issue fairly. The company deals with chemicals that cause permanent disability to human beings in case of an accident or poor handling which as had been the case recently (Shaw, 2011). Legal suits filed against the organization We have several cases pending to court as a result of the company’s negligence and not settling its debts. We have employees whose employment was terminated with no reasons. The company has also failed to honor some debts and the suppliers have opted to taking the case to court (Henn, 2009). The government claims that the business has been importing some of its raw materials illegally and has a case to answer. According to business ethics, an organization should adhere to the law as well as maximizing it profits. The organization should not concentrate on profit maximization and forget to follow the law in its exports and imports as well as settling its debts. This is really affecting its operations and overall output. A lot of money is spent in settling court cases hence affecting the amount of revenues generated by the company (Crane Matten, 2007). Paso Limited stakeholders Business stakeholders are people or organizations that are either directly or indirectly affected by its operations. Stakeholders can also affect an organizations activities and performance. Our main stakeholders are farmers using products from our company (Weber Savititz, 2007). This group of stakeholders has great impact to the company’s revenue generation because it has to purchase and consume the company’s products and services. These products should be of helpful to the farmer in satisfying his or her needs and yield improvement. If the farmer is not satisfied with the company’s products and services, he will opt for product from other companies which slowly reduces the company’s market share and profits generated from its activities (Fraedrich, Ferrell, Linda, 2010). Company suppliers play a big role in supplying the company with raw material for manufacturing of products and service delivery. At times the company gets its raw materials on credit and makes payments later. If the payments are not settled in time the suppliers may refuse to supply raw materials in future. Production can’t go on without the major raw material required for various products. Therefore, suppliers should be treated with due respect and their payments being settled on time to avoid any inconveniences (Henn, 2009). Employees play a major role in an organizations success. These are the people formulating the new products to compete in the market. Machines cannot operate without technicians and operators. Products have to be transported from one place to another. Ready products have to be marketed and the ready established market maintained. All this work has to be done by the employees. Paso Limited has to make sure that it values its employees by rewarding them well as well as ensuring good working conditions and terms. According to business ethics, all employees should be treated equally and fairly without any discrimination or favor. Every organization must respect human rights by protecting their lives (Jones, Parker, Bos, 2005). Shareholders have invested in the organization and expect to receive some dividends at the end of every financial year. The organization has to ensure that at the end of each year there are some developments to show to shareholders if no profits realized. The company belongs to the shareholders; the management team has been employed by the shareholders in order to multiply their investment. According to business ethics, the management should not concentrate much on making profits but should also make strengthen its ties with the society and other major stakeholders in the industry (Fraedrich, Ferrell, Linda, 2010). Paso production activities should not affect the communities or society in its surrounding. The company should appreciate the society by providing employment, safe products, minimal environment pollution, and contributing to development activities in the surrounding areas. These are also stakeholders because they can paralyze its activities as well as its reputation (Jones, Parker, Bos, 2005). The company has to consider all stakeholders’ interests that are being affected by its activities both internally and externally. According to business ethics the organization should conduct itself on a plane that is above the law in relation to it behavior. The laws and regulations set by the government are just minimum conditions that govern an organizations operation in order not to infringe other people’s and organizations’ rights (Crane Matten, 2007). Managing challenges facing the company Most of the challenges the organization is facing can be easily managed hence making it successful. The company needs to train its employees on several issues that affect the organization’s relationship with the outside world, enterprise management and good team work. We have several motivational organizations that prepare short courses and seminars that can help the company’s management team and employees in their daily activities at the workplace (Kozami, 2002). The company should invest on research and development of new products and services that have not yet been developed by other competitors. It should invest on latest technology and machines in its production lines to save on labour and development of new products and services. Acquiring the latest technology might be a big challenge but with good program proposals, the organization can get unsecured loans from financial institutions such as banks, non-governmental institutions and venture capital institutions. Good and advanced technology reduces on wastage as well as human labor. It improves and maintains the quality of products and services being offered by the company (Sekhar, 2010). The company should establish good relationship with the society by contributing to development activities such as cleaning of environment, building of schools and health centers, creation of environment and offering discounted products to the surrounding communities. There should be a complete overhaul of the procurement department to ensure make sure that company acquires quality raw material. This will minimize on wastage as well as boosting the company’s production output. Rate of corruption will be reduced by 70 percent which is high in the supplies and procurement department (Bose, 2006). The organization can review its employees’ salaries and their working conditions. They should be provided with protective clothing while handling the chemicals as well as good equipment to assist in loading and offloading of products from trucks. The company should minimize the rate of environment pollution by recycling some of the byproducts instead of releasing it to the environment (Fraedrich, Ferrell, Linda, 2010). Strict adherence to the states laws and regulation can help the organization in reducing the number of cases with stakeholders. This help in building confidence hence increased investments. Much time and resources are wasted in settling disputes arising from negligence, corrupt deals and illegal activities by the company. All taxes and company returns should be settled with respective institutions on time to avoid fines being imposed by theses organizations due to late submissions (Weber Savititz, 2007). Corporate responsibility Every business should conduct its activities in an ethical manner prioritizing interest of the surrounding society. As the CEO the company should respond positively to new developments in the community’s interest and expectations. The main shareholders’ interests are increased profits but the society interests should be considered first. The company must stand out as a good and patriotic citizen in the society. The company can reduce its profit margin to offer affordable products to the community as well as paying its employees good salaries. In CSR the manager should look in general at the welfare of all stakeholders and not concentrating on shareholders’ interests only which are profits (Weber Savititz, 2007). The company has a role to play in the community development and conservation of the environment where it is located (Henn, 2009). The strategic plan should start by assessing the most critical issues that have major effects on the company if altered a bit and where opportunities stand. This is followed by an agreement on the primary factors to motivate CSR in my organization (Kozami, 2002). Revision of the company’s vision and milestones is important in achieving the new objectives/goals. This should be well documented and published. A well structured system to monitor development and achievements towards its vision should be established. The company should be reviewing its goals and policies of its competitors against its policies and objectives. The CEO should agree with his management team on a plan to be followed in achieving consistency in my company’s processes (Sekhar, 2010). The CEO should be able to identify key personnel in different departments to work with. These people should be reporting their progress as well as being responsible with all the activities taking place in their production lines. One should collaborate with other organizations like government to help him in implementing his CSR strategy (Fraedrich, Ferrell, Linda, 2010). With constant evaluation and audit of the program one can easily realize where the strategic plan needs some adjustments in order to fit the intended productivity. My main responsibility is to oversee that the strategic plan is implemented down to the operators as well as ensuring that the society is not oppressed in any way by the company (Jones, Parker, Bos, 2005). The organization’s short statement for management outlining my overall CSR strategy should be Serving the community interest and satisfying the shareholders interests in an encouraging environment that is acceptable by the society (Weber Savititz, 2007). Implications of the approach With the above described approach the company is going to create a good relationship with the community at large. There will be great increase in profits as well as development of quality farm inputs that are going to benefit the community so much. There will be an increase in production output and an increase on company’s sales projections (Kozami, 2002). The company will have fewer cases in court hence boosting investor confidence. There will be a smooth learning of the organization with corporation and support from all the employees. There will better salaries and allowances which will motivate employees in their daily activities aimed at the organization’s success (Jones, Parker, Bos, 2005). With good revenue generation the organization will avoid illegal and unlawful activities which will enable it to concentration on its production output, efficiency and effectiveness (Weber Savititz, 2007). References Bose, C. D. (2006). Principles of Management and Administration. New Delhi: Prentice Hall of India. Crane, A., Matten, D. (2007). Business ethics. New York: Oxford University Press. Fraedrich, J., Ferrell, O., Linda, F. (2010). Business Ethics: Ethical decision making and cases. Mason: South-Western Cengage Learning Inc. Henn, S. K. (2009). Business Ethics: A case study approach. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons, Inc. Jones, C., Parker, M., Bos, R. t. (2005). For business ethics. New York: Routledge Press. Kozami, A. (2002). Business Policy and Strategic Management. Tata McGraw-Hill: New Delhi. Pojman, L. P., James, F. (2009). Ethics: Discovering Right and Wrong. Belmont: Cengage Learning Inc. Sekhar, S. G. (2010). BUSINESS POLICY AND STRATEGY MANAGEMENT. New Delhi: I.K. Internetional Publishing House. Shaw, W. H. (2011). Business Ethics: A Textbook with Cases. Boston: Cengage Learning Inc. Weber, K., Savititz, A. W. (2007). The triple bottom line. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Press.